Objectives: To provide a comprehensive perspective of taste and smell chemistry and perception.

Contents:
Molecular aspects:

  • Tastant and odorous molecules
  • - Ligand-receptor interactions as a result of several factors (H-bonds; electrostatic, dipolar, π-π, steric and
    hydrophobic interactions; entropic effects such as desolvation and degrees of freedom)
  • Importance of stereochemistry and conformational analysis: odorants, proteins and nucleic acids
  • Synthetic approach to representative odorants
  • Essential oils, concrete and absolutes: Extraction and analysis, lipid, terpene and shikimate metabolites
  • Thermal origin of food flavours: Oxidation of lipids, thiamine degradation and Maillard reaction
  • Coffee, wine, chocolate

Physiology, molecular biology and cognition:

  • The chemical senses: Chemoreception in the nose (odor and aroma, trigeminal, pheromones) and in the oral cavity (taste and trigeminal)
  • Sensory organs and tissues; receptors and transduction; genes, coding, neuronal projections
  • Psychophysical measurements of tastes and odors, Stevens and Weber's laws
  • Anosmia, ageusia, adaptation

Structure-activity relationships:

  • Conventional classifications, descriptive dictionaries
  • Molecular modelling, modern approaches to structure-activity relationships
  • Study of representative cases: Sandalwood, amber-woody and androstenone-like models
  • Capsaicin, allicin and menthol: Fooling thermal nociception